Habitat

• native to Manchuria and Korea
• zone 6

Habit and Form

• evergreen tree
• pyramidal form with fairly stout spreading branches
• 100' tall
• medium to coarse texture

Summer Foliage

• 0.25" to 1" long, fairly stiff
• entire margins
• medium green color
• 2 stomatal bands on underside
• needle apex is pointed
• needles densely cover stem and directed somewhat forward
• 3 large white resinous buds at tip of stems

Autumn Foliage

• no fall color (evergreen)

Flowers

• no ornamental value
• monoecious

Fruit

• medium brown cones
• 5" long
• slightly tapered cylindrical shape
• hidden bracts

Bark

• new stems yellowish-gray
• smooth with resin blisters until very old
• new stems are slightly grooved

Culture

• prefers moist, well-drained, acidic soil
• full sun

Landscape Uses

• specimen
• park tree
• screen

Liabilities

• not likely to perform well under harsh landscape conditions
• hard to find commercially
• often damaged by deer

ID Features

• needles have pointed tip
• slightly grooved stems
• circular leaf scars
• 3 large white resinous buds at tip of stems
• yellow-gray stem color

Propagation

• by seed

Cultivars/Varieties

• none commonly available