Habitat

• native from New Jersey to Iowa
• hardy to zone 4
• Special Note: This species has demonstrated an invasive tendency in Connecticut, meaning it may escape from cultivation and naturalize in minimally managed areas. For more information, .

Habit and Form

• a small, deciduous shrub
• 1' to 4' tall with an equal spread
• dense, rounded form
• medium texture
• slow growth rate

Summer Foliage

• opposite leaf arrangement
• simple, deciduous leaves
• narrow, linear leaves
• 1" to 3" long
• dark green leaf color

Autumn Foliage

• no fall color

Flowers

• bright yellow flowers
• 1" in diameter
• blooms through the summer
• borne in cymes
• showy

Fruit

• 3-valved dehiscent capsule
• persistent
• brown

Bark

• light brown
• older bark is exfoliating

Culture

• transplant from container
• does well in dry soils
• full sun
• pH adaptable
• prune in early spring

Landscape Use

• for yellow flowers
• shrub border
• rock garden
• groups and massing

Liabilities

• wilts

ID Features

• opposite leaf arrangement
• small deciduous shrub
• small linear leaves
• bright yellow flowers
• persistent capsule fruit

Propagation

• by cuttings
• by seed

Cultivars/Varieties

• few